The difference between gold and other precious metal
Thanks to Dominic Frisby, in London
Today, I wanted to look at precious metals in general. Not just gold, but silver, platinum, palladium and even some of the lesser known platinum group metals, such as rhodium and indium.
We are living through one of the greatest financial crises in history – possibly the greatest. The contraction in credit has forced selling in everything.
Many were under the illusion that precious metals would be safe in such a scenario. But they haven’t been. Let’s look at why...
Gold is maintaining its purchasing power, unlike money
The key thing to remember is that this is a financial crisis – a crisis of money. Of all the precious metals, gold is the only purely monetary metal. Yes, it has some industrial use, but a negligible amount. Gold’s use in jewellery has derived from its monetary function, which is to store wealth.
Money has two functions: one is to be a medium of exchange, the other to store wealth. Gold has long since been useless as the former (although technically sovereigns are still legal tender) but as the latter it has acted soundly. Yes, it fell against the yen last year, but so did everything. Yes, it was volatile against the dollar, but in the grand scheme of things, gold is maintaining its purchasing power, while money, be it the yen, the dollar or the euro is falling.
Some currencies have been weaker than the dollar. One ounce of gold now costs 110,000 Icelandic Krona for example, up from around 40,000 in 2007. To be honest, I’m surprised it isn’t higher. (Thanks to Nick Laird at www.sharelynx.com for the charts.)
Britain has similar, though currently less extreme, problems to Iceland. This has been reflected in the price of the pound against gold.
So gold, although volatile, has performed well.
Silver is more vulnerable than gold
Silver, too, is a monetary metal. As many of you will know, the words ‘silver’ and ‘money’ are interchangeable in some ninety or more languages: ‘argent’ in French, for example; ‘plata’ in Spanish. ‘Pound sterling’ once meant a pound of sterling silver. But, historically, silver’s role as money was less as a store of wealth and more as a day-to-day medium of exchange. That role has now expired.
Many silver bugs will point to silver’s numerous and ever-increasing industrial uses. But the demand for these uses has decreased as the crisis has unfolded. The outlook for business is grim, and the market has reflected this in the price of silver. In other words, silver’s industrial use, the very thing that made it desirable, suddenly made it undesirable.
In short, silver outperforms gold during an inflationary boom, but underperforms during a deflationary bust. This is reflected in the gold-silver ratio, which spiked dramatically in the Autumn.
Many were calling for that ratio to fall below 20. It will one day. The historical ratio is 15 – there is 15 times as much silver in the earth’s crust as gold. But we are a long way from that. We may see 100 first.
But those who bought silver with pounds will not be as disappointed as dollar buyers. It’s not too far off recent highs:
The story isn't great for platinum or palladium either
I’m afraid it is the same story for platinum and palladium as with silver. Only a year or so ago, many - myself included – looked at South Africa’s political problems and its energy crisis and asked where in the world platinum was going to come from. Indeed we are still asking ourselves that.
But the market doesn’t care. Though precious, platinum is still an industrial metal. The car industry is, for now, doomed and the market has no time for platinum, despite its rarity.
It was the same story for palladium, which fell from $600 to about $175 per ounce, and for rhodium it was even worse. The rhodium chart was amazing. It seemed to do nothing else but go up. For years this was the case – then crash.
Yes, silver and platinum group metals have a use in jewellery, but jewellery sales are down, despite its use as a store of wealth. Even gold jewellery sales are down. All the demand for gold is safe-haven investment demand.
By November of course, the industrial precious metals had become way too cheap. The market recognized this and platinum and silver have since rallied. And I suspect they will continue to rally along with all commodities for the next month or three.
But the greater demand is for money, so over the longer term – the next three years or so - we can expect the demand for the monetary metal gold to be greater than the demand for the industrial.
When will gold break through $1,000 an ounce?
However, those short-term traders who play gold in dollars should perhaps exercise some caution here. It has had a good run since November and could easily bounce back off the trendline below. In fact, the ideal technical scenario is to gently pull back and then cruise through at the next attempt.
Those who read a lot of my stuff will know my theory – and it is no more than that – that gold makes 6 to 9 month up-moves, followed by periods of consolidation lasting about 18 months. I suspect we are in one such period. I do not see a break out to new highs above $1,000 in the very near future, but we'll be there by this time next year.
So I am holding onto every ounce of gold and every quality share that I own. Gold’s uber move could strike at any time and I don’t want to miss it when it comes. Like the stock market crash of last autumn, it has been years in the making, it will be swift in the unfolding and you have to be positioned.
If you’re not in it, you will not win it.
Turning to the wider markets...
The FTSE 100 fell another 0.4% yesterday, closing at 4,194. Mining stocks and utilities were among the bigger fallers: Xstrata lost 4.9%, Anglo American 1.3% and Antofagasta 0.8%. Severn Trent Water was down 3.5%, and Scottish & Southern Energy lost 0.7%.
In Europe, the Paris CAC 40 lost just one point to end at 2,954; the German Xetra Dax, meanwhile, was down three points at 4,323.
In the US, financial stocks led the Dow Jones Industrial Average up 0.7% to 8,174. Bank of America climbed 8.3%, while Citigroup added 6.6%. The broader S&P 500 index closed up 1.1% at 845, and the Nasdaq Composite finished 1% higher at 1,504.
Overnight in Japan, the Nikkei 225 rose 0.6% to 8,106, sustained by hopes of a US 'bad bank' rescue plan. The broader Topix index, however, fell 0.1% to 804.
Brent spot was trading at $43.63 early today, and in New York, crude oil was at $42.39. Spot gold was trading at $898 an ounce, silver was at $12.13, and platinum was at $948.
In the forex markets this morning, sterling was trading against the US dollar at 1.4283 and against the euro at 1.0743. The dollar was trading at 0.7526 against the euro and 89.08 against the Japanese yen.
And there was mixed news for Britain's economy today. In a rare ray of sunshine, satellite TV operator BskyB announced it will create 1,000 jobs in its customer service and equipment installation teams, as it expects strong demand for its high definition services. Sales were up 5.8% in the six months to December 2008. But there was bad news for the commercial property market, as a report issued by Moody's concluded prices in the UK could fall by as much as 25% this year.
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